Well-drilling apparatus.



J. DARLINGQ WELL DRILLING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED DB0. 2a, 1912.

1,087,353, j A Patented m1111914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

[N VEN T OR J. DARLING. WELL DRILLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 23, 1912.

I ffii? Els-II MM M .0/ 4M. m. my mm m/f .M Am mw A 7 11M w wm Fm .w du 6. e wz 0./ I n 2v Y mm F M M JEEPH BARBIN, OF CHICOB, PENNSYLVNIA.

WELL-DRLLING .ABPAEATUS To all 'whom it may-concern:

Be it known that I, Joellen DABLIN-G, a citizen of .the United States, residing at- Chicora, in the county of Butler and State a rotary drill tube having of Pennsylvania, have invented 'certain new and useful Improvements in Well-Drilling Apparatus, et which the following isa specineat-ion.

In the patent granted me December 12, 1911, No. 1,011,324, I .have shown and described a well drilling apparatus-comprising at its lower end expansible drill bits, which latter may be inserted into `and removed from lthe drill tube without removing the long` drill tube from the' well, an important part of which apparatus consisted of a separable socket gripwhich was niade to send the drill bits d own into the Well through the drill tube, expand and lock them to the bottom of the drill tube and .then become entirely detached therefrom and be removed entirely from the -w.ell, and in which the same socket grip, by

its attached rope, may be sent down into the well to unlock and remove the drill bits y when .the latter are required to be taken out.

My presentinvention relates to this same apparatus and consists in a novel construetion and arrangement of the lower portion of the drill tube, the drill bits and their coacting parts, whereby the ossible dropping out and loss of the d 'l bits 1s pnevented., 'the wearY on the ulcruin support .of

the drill bits provided for, water coursesprovided through the drill bits, and taking up of wear on the drill expanding device is provided for. y

Figure l is a vertical section of .the rotary drill tube sho-wn in `the well, in connection with the drill bits7 the drill headand the separable socket ,grip which in general teatnres are similarto my iiormer invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view throu h the lower end of the 'drill tube and drill head. Fig. 3 is .avertical section at right angles to that shown in Fig. 2. Figs. 4;, 4a and 4b .are views of the lower section of the drill tube, Fig. 4 being a vertical central section and Figs. 4a and 4b being perspective views taken, respectively, from the .side and end. Figs. 5 and .5 are enlarged detail views of the drill bits, Fig. 5 being an inside y face view and Fig. 5a being an edge view partly in section. Fig.' 51 is a detail side view of the separable ulerum block on Specification of Letters Patent. Application led December 23, 1912. Serial No.. 738,213.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

' drill tube .and B the drill head carrying the drill bits A A, which latter are adapted to be lowered into the rotary drill tube and then be'expanded and locked to drilling divergence, or be removed from the well and all without removing the drill tube. from the i Well. The accomplishment of this object is attained by the same means already fully set forth and claimed in my previous patent referred to.

For the purposes of the present ini-ientionj i it will be Suacient to 'say that a rod 12 withV head 15 is connected to the drill head B below and is adapted to be grabbed by a hollow and separable socket grip C lowered on a rope, the construction being such that the lsocket grip may be made either to seize or release the headed rod 12 at the will of the operator.v y

My present invention has to -do with the lower section E of the drill tube, the vdrill bits, and drill head and their connected parts in accomplishing the objects of my presentv invention hereinbefore 4 pointed out.

The lowest drill tube section E- is formed interiorly with two inwardly projecting enlargements 10, Figs. 4 and 4b, each of which extends about one-quarter around the drill tube section and whose pointed ends are at the top and nearly in vertical jalinement with the interior longitudinal groove 9 and coinciding notch 1 at the bottoni of the tube section E. Within this tube section are the drin had B, Fig. 7, when has a its lower end two ilorks between which the drill bits A A of similar shape -are hung,

as iu Fig. 3. On the outside. of lthe lower yends of the forks ane formed .proectious 6,

ioo i Shall coincide with the plane .of the grooves 9 and notches l of the tube section., so as to be .capable of expansion therein to lock the f bits to the tube section. This doesnot didier `support. is worn out or broken.

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materially from the construction and principles of action set forth in my present patent.

An important object of my present invention is to prevent the drill bits from dropping out of the drill tube if their fulcruni For this purpose the inner surface of the lower section of the drill tube is formed near the top with an annular shoulder e, see Figs. 4, lb and Figs. 1 and 2, and the top of each drill bit is formed with a relatively narrow neck with an enlarged head above it, forming outwardly projecting shoulders s, see Figs. 2 and 5. The shoulders of the drill bits overhang the shoulder of the drill tube section, so that the drill bits cannot drop down and out, even if the fulcrum support of the drill bits is worn out or broken. The shoulder s of the drill bit does not normally rest upon the shoulder e of the drill tube, but is a little above it, so as to give freedom of action for the bits in expanding and collapsing, but if the fulcrum support is vlost then the bit shoulder s catches against the tube shoulder e and prevents the bits fron dropping out.

For hanging the drill bits within the forks of the drill head the Shanks of ythe drill bits are made longer than heretofore and on the outer faces of the upper ends are' formed integral pins or studs a2, Fig. 5a.' Each is received in the elongated hole b2 of a fulcrum blockA b, see Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b. dovetail form and slide laterally into corresponding dovetail grooves in the inner faces of the forks of the drill head shown in Figs. 3 and 7, forming coaxial pivots for the drill bits. This makes a strong fulcrum bearing which is removable when worn .and may y be replaced by a new one, the oblong hole giving room for the' slight change in position which the bits require in expandingI and collapsing.

For expanding the drill bits after'they are in the plane of their-locking seats the driving rod 12 has a longitudinally extended lower end 11, of rectangular cross section, which enters longitudinal grooves 3, 3 in the adjacent faces of the shanks of the drill bits, see Figs. 2, 5 and 5, one-half of the rod in each drill bit shank. As the grooves 3 are at an incline to the longitudinal axis of the drill bits, when the rod is driven down Vit expands the drill bits to locking position in their seats in the lower drill tube section in the same general way as in my former patent, except that in this case the grooves 3 are slightly tapered, largest at the top, and the rod extension 11 is tapered in on plane, as seen in Figs. 2 and 6.

A Stop on the'drive rod is formed by two jam nuts 13, 13, which, see Figs. 2 and 6, are screwed onto rod 12 and are susceptible The fulcrum blocks are preferably of.

of being adjusted higher thereon in case there is looseness between the key 11 and the grooves 3, 3, in which case by adjusting the stop nuts 13 higher the key 11 is allowed to penetrate farther downward and take up said looseness.

On the inner faces of the two drill bits are formed parallel to the grooves 3 longitudinalwater ways 4, 4, Fig. 5, and when the drill bits are expanded to working position-these grooves comev into coincidence, as seen in Fig. 5c, and allow water to flow down tothe cutting edges of the drill bits to prevent clogging.

At the bottom of each drill bit is a detachable cutting point z, see Figs. 5 and 5a. This is applied to the bottom end of the drill bit by screws Z2 arranged substantially longitudinal to the drill bit and this detachable edge has at its end opposite the cutting edge a lip Z that extends, in angular-relation to the longitudinal axis of the drill, over an underlying lip Z ofthe drill bit of similar angular relation to the drill. This avoids tilting and relieves the strain in drilling and also presents the cutting edge in better cutting relation to the rock.

I claim:

1. A well drilling apparatus o f the kind I narrow neck having an enlarged head above' it adapted toextend overand be caught by the shoulder of the drill tube in any down.- ward movement.

2. A well drilling apparatus of the kind described, comprising the lower section of the drill tube having an inwardly projecting shoulder and two drill bits of similar shape each having at its' upper end a relatively narrow neck with an enlarged head above it adapted to engage the shoulder of the drill tube and hold the drill bits against vdropping out.

3.l A well drilling apparatus of the kind described, comprising a rotary drill tube havinginterlocking seats for the drill bits in its lower end, a drill bit head with downwardly projecting forks, laterally removable fulcrum blocksarranged in the inner faces of the forks and formed with fulcrum bearings, drill bits having fulcrum studs on the outer faces of their Shanks entering the fulcrum bearings of the blocks, and means for expanding the drill bits into the interlocking seats of the drill tube.

4. A well drilling apparatus of the kind described, comprising a rotary drill tube ywith a drill Abit seat in its lower end, a

drill bit head, a pivotally hung drill bit ios im v

for said head, and a laterally adjustable and removable ulcrulnblock for connecting the drill bit to the drill head, and means for projecting the drill bit into 'its seat.

' 5. A well drilling apparatus of the kind described, comprising a rotary 'drill tube with drill seats its lower end, a drill head havingpivotally connected drill bits, drill bits having in their inner faces tapering grooves adapted to register with each other when the -bits are expanded, and a longitudinally disposed tapering stem for expanding the drill bits with a tight t.

6. A Well drilling apparatus of the kind described, comprising a rotary drill. tube with drill seats in its lower end, a drill head having pivotally connected drill bits, drill v'bits having in their 'inner faces tapering grooves adapt-ed to register with each other when the bits are expanded, and a longitudinally disposed tapering stem for expanding the drill bits with a tight fit, and an adjustable stop connected tothe expanding stern to adjust it longitudinally to take up Wear.

7 A well drilling apparatus of the kind described, comprising a rotary drill tube, expansible drill bits adapted to be rigidly connected to the drill tube and having on their inner faces longitudinal Water courses arranged to register with each other When the drill bits are expanded.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' JOSEPH DARLING.

Witnesses:

E. C. DUFFY, A. R. STAN'ron. 

